Abdominal Pain in Children Under 12: Causes, Symptoms, Home Care, and When to Seek Medical Help

Abdominal pain is one of the most common reasons parents bring their children to the doctor. For families in Naperville and beyond, understanding the possible causes, symptoms, and when to seek medical attention can help you feel more confident in caring for your child. While most cases of stomach pain in children are not serious, it’s important to know the warning signs and best practices for home care.

What Is Abdominal Pain in Children?

Abdominal pain, often called a stomachache or tummy pain, refers to discomfort anywhere between the chest and the lower belly. Children may describe it in different ways, and the pain can range from mild to severe. Sometimes, the pain is short-lived and goes away on its own, but in other cases, it may be a sign of a more serious health issue.

Common Causes of Stomach Pain in Kids

Most abdominal pain in children is not caused by a serious condition. Some of the most frequent causes include:

• Constipation: One of the leading causes of stomach pain in children. If your child is having fewer bowel movements than usual or their stools are hard, constipation may be the reason.
• Gas and Bloating: Swallowing air, eating too quickly, or consuming certain foods can lead to gas buildup and discomfort.
• Mild Stomach Virus (Gastroenteritis): Viral infections can cause stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. These usually resolve within a few days.
• Food Intolerance or Allergy: Some children may have trouble digesting certain foods, such as dairy or gluten, leading to stomach pain.
• Stress or Anxiety: Emotional stress can sometimes cause physical symptoms, including stomachaches.
• Overeating or Eating Too Quickly: Eating large meals or eating too fast can lead to temporary discomfort.
• Indigestion or Heartburn: Spicy, fatty, or acidic foods can sometimes cause indigestion in children.

Other, less common but more serious causes include:

• Appendicitis: Pain that starts near the belly button and moves to the lower right side, often with fever and vomiting.
• Urinary Tract Infection (UTI): May cause lower abdominal pain, burning during urination, or frequent urination.
• Intestinal Blockage or Twisting: Rare but serious, often causing severe pain, vomiting, and a swollen belly.
• Swallowed Objects: Young children may accidentally swallow small items, leading to pain or blockage.
• Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Conditions like Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis can cause ongoing abdominal pain, diarrhea, and weight loss.

How to Recognize Abdominal Pain in Children

Children may not always be able to describe their pain clearly. Here are some questions to help you understand what your child is experiencing:

• Where is the pain located? (All over, or in a specific spot?)
• Is the pain sharp, cramping, or dull?
• Does the pain come and go, or is it constant?
• Does the pain get worse after eating or drinking?
• Are there other symptoms, such as fever, vomiting, diarrhea, or loss of appetite?

For infants and toddlers, watch for signs like:

• Unusual fussiness or irritability
• Pulling legs up toward the belly
• Refusing to eat or drink
• Changes in sleep patterns

Home Remedies for Mild Abdominal Pain

If your child’s stomach pain is mild and there are no warning signs, you can try these home care tips:

• Rest: Encourage your child to lie down quietly and see if the pain improves.
• Hydration: Offer small sips of water or clear fluids to prevent dehydration.
• Bathroom Breaks: Encourage your child to use the bathroom, as passing stool can sometimes relieve pain.
• Bland Diet: Avoid solid foods for a few hours, then offer bland foods like rice, applesauce, bananas, or crackers.
• Avoid Irritating Foods: Stay away from caffeine, carbonated drinks, citrus, dairy, fried foods, and tomato products until your child feels better.

Important: Do not give any medication for pain or fever without first consulting your child’s healthcare provider.

When to Call a Doctor

While most stomach pain in children is not serious, there are times when you should contact your healthcare provider:

• Abdominal pain lasting more than 24 hours
• Pain that is getting worse or more frequent
• Fever over 100.4°F (38°C)
• Vomiting for more than 12 hours
• Diarrhea for more than 2 days
• Burning sensation during urination
• Poor appetite for more than 2 days
• Unexplained weight loss

Seek immediate medical attention if your child:

• Is under 3 months old and has vomiting or diarrhea
• Has sudden, severe belly pain
• Has a hard, swollen, or rigid abdomen
• Is vomiting blood or has blood in the stool (especially if dark or tarry)
• Cannot pass stool and is also vomiting
• Has trouble breathing
• Has had a recent injury to the abdomen

What to Expect at the Doctor’s Office

Your healthcare provider will ask about your child’s symptoms, medical history, and may perform a physical exam. They may ask:

• Where is the pain located?
• How long has the pain lasted?
• Is the pain constant or does it come and go?
• Are there any other symptoms, such as fever, vomiting, or changes in stool?

Depending on the findings, your provider may order tests such as:

• Blood tests
• Urine tests
• Stool tests
• Abdominal ultrasound or X-rays

These tests can help determine the cause of the pain and guide treatment.

Preventing Stomach Pain in Children

To help reduce the risk of abdominal pain, encourage your child to:

• Eat a balanced diet with plenty of fruits, vegetables, and fiber
• Drink enough water each day
• Avoid fatty, greasy, or processed foods
• Eat smaller meals more often instead of large meals
• Wash hands regularly to prevent infections
• Avoid swallowing non-food objects
• Keep small items and cleaning products out of reach

Supporting Your Child’s Health in Naperville

At Naperville Pharma, we understand how concerning it can be when your child is not feeling well. Our pharmacy team is here to support your family with trusted advice, over-the-counter remedies, and local health resources. If you have questions about your child’s abdominal pain or need guidance on when to seek care, contact our pharmacy team for personalized support.

Remember, most cases of stomach pain in children are mild and resolve on their own, but it’s always best to be cautious and reach out to a healthcare professional if you are unsure.